Ventilator



Cet.r 2, 1923. -1'5469577 3.-w. nar-:NBER

VENTILATOR Filed Sept. 4, 1920 4 Sheets-Sheet 1l G. W. BENDER VENTILATOR v oct. 2, 1923. *Y 1,469,577

Filed Sep't. 4, 1920 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 oct. 2 1923. maas?? v v. BENDER VENTILATOR Filed sept.' 4, 1.920

4 Sheet-s-Sheef .4

MINIMUM.

dem

Patented @et 2, 1923.

F F l @l lE..

GEORGE VJ'. BENDER, 01 CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO vllJTJ'lf5-E & COM'PANY, OF

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OE ILLINOIS. l

Avanfrrriiifr03a.

Application le. September 4', 1920. Serial No. 408,219.

To all whom it may (zo-acera Be it known that l, GEORGE a citizen of the Unit-ed States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ventilatore, of which the following is al speciiication.

My invention relates to ventilators suitable tor use in railway cars, train cars, or other vehicles and more particularly to the type of ventilator such as that shown in Patents 1,099,838 and-1,275,211@ George C. Breidert, which induces ventilation by the suction created by the impact or" air, due to the motion ot the car, on a surtacc arranged at right angles to the direction ot movement ot' the car. v

One oft the objects or the invention is to provide an improved ventilator ot this type oft simple const `action and which may be easily and cheaply made.'

A. further object is to 1N. Banana,

provide certain novel arrangements and constructions tor .tilator increasing the efficiency ot this type ot venand rendering its operation more satisfactory under low relative air velocities.

A still further object is to provide certain improved constructions and arrangements in a ventilator 'of this type for preventing back drafts and the entry of side winds into the ventilator. Y

The invention is illustrated in certain preferred embodiments in the accompanying drawings in which 1 is a perspective view'showing a ventilator embodying the principles of' my invention applied to a railway car.

Fig.V 2 is a transverse section ot the construction shown in Fig. 1 taken on a plane transverse to the car and passing the center of the ventilator. A

is a sectional elevation taken on the line 3-3 01"' 2.

1 is a. section taken 1--41 ot Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary section ,illust-'rating an improved inethotL ot securing the sheet metal together.

Fig. (i is transversersecti nal viewot the ventilator slightly modified to adapt its application to a car havingan arch root.

Fig. 7 is a. transverse vertical section ot a double ventilator.

Fig. 8 is a plan section taken along the l through along the line line 8-8 of Fig. 9 illustrating a form of ventilator in which the passage into the car is vertical.

Fig 9 is an elevation of the ventilator shown in Fig. 8, and y Fig. 10 is a transverse section of the type of ventilator shown in Figs. 1 and 2 modilied to be used in conjunction with a blower.

Like characters ot reference indicate like parts in the several figures of the drawing. Referring to Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive, 10 designates the body ot a car having a deck 11, clear-story 12, and root 13. The clear-V story is provided with a suitable opening 14 over which a screen 15, if desired, may be. placed. The ventilatorr 16 is arranged in communication Awith the opening 1e by means oii'a suitable-base 17 in the 'form ot a conduit having marginal ilanges 18 secured to the clear-story oit the car.

The ventilator 1,6 comprises in general a box like structure having an impertorate outer tace'19 disposed parallel to the direction of movement oi the car and air ramming faces 20 andl 21 arranged transverse-v .'ly between the outer face 19 and an inner tace 27 which is secured to the outer end of the conduit 17.

The air ramming faces 2O and 21 are pret# erably curved inwardly on the arc of a circle so as to present concave cylindrical outer surfaces. The top'and'the bottom ot the structure a-rejpartially closed by spaced battle plates 24 and 25 which are held in position transversely of the structure by means of flanges 26. The plates 24 andf25 are provided with deflecting flanges 28 and are inclined outwardly toward the middle ot theV structure as shown in Fig, 3. lThese plates are spaced so as to provide air openings29, 30 and '31 in the'upper and lower sides ot the ventilator. A plurality of louvres 32 are arrangedV at thel top of the ventilator parallel to the outer face 19 bel tween the air. ramming faces 2O and 21. corresponding set of louvres 33 are arranged at the bottom of theA ventilator, .being .in-V clincd outwardly as shown more clearly in Fig. '2. rEhe inner tace 27 or" the structure V16 is provided with lan opening 311 which communicates with the conduit 17 and Yis provided along the sides ot the opening 84 with outwardly inclined flanges Yor deifiecting plates 35. The lower one of these ,flangesisl numbered 36 and is directed diagonally downwardly as shown in F 2 for a purpose to be hereinafter pointed out.

each side and assisting in collectin The lower surface ot the conduit 17 preterably inclines VdoWnnardly and outwardly as shown in Fig. 2.

The sheets of metal formingthe ram# ming faces and the inner and outer faces oi' the ventilator may be secured together at the corners in any approved manner. vl rave illustrated in Fig. 5 a 'form ot beaded Yjoint 37 which is suitable end serves Vin addition to providellanges 38 adjacent to the curved surface of the air ramming" face at h 'he air iinping'ing thereon and di ect'ng' it across the exhaust passages 29, and 3l.

Opct/,fwm-The ventilator operates by inducing evacuation ott the air in the car by means of the suction created by the current of directed over the exhaust openings ramming 29, 3() and ,3l by the leading face. l have found that When there is a low relative air velocity the air tends to pass in or to be draivn into the ventilator. To prevent this l have arranged the plates 2li and 25 transversely to the stream et' air so as to deiqiect outwardly any current of air tending to enter the ventilaton, To malte thisaction more eilective l have provided the plates with vertical flanges 28 Which assist in directing` the air outwardly. ln operation the leading plate, that the plate which is loriv rd depending upon thc direction in which the car is moving, is the plate Twhich functions; n

The louvrcs 32 and 38 preventV bach drai'ts and the entry of side Winds into the ventilatora especially when the car is standing` still or When the side Winds are extremely strong. A. side Wind, deflectedupwardly by the declr or roof ot the car toward the loiver open- Yings Q9', 3() and 3l is deliectcd outwardly by fr oli J- 1 harige oo turns suon side the inclined louvl'es 33 and passes out through the upper openings 2S, 30 and 3l, assisted by the suction oil the side Wind over theupper side ot theventilator. Theloiver Winds downwardly and prevents the entry of rain and dust. Y'llhe upper louvres 32 deflect any side Winds7 dust or rain entering` through the openings at the top downwardly and out through the openings at the bottom.

lhe principles of my invention are adaptefL lor use in connection with anyY type of car or vehicle and are not limited to car havinzg` a clear' story as shown in Fie.'

For the purpose of illustration l:

i shown in lug. 6 my ventilator applietL to Ycar having an arch roof.

y rlhe ventilator is connected` to the opening 39 in the car root by means of an exhaust conduit l0 to which the ventilator is connected by means ofthe ilanges il. Theloyver edge oi the opening @connecting the ventilatorvv and the exhaust conduit is provided with an inclined plate inclusive. The'upper e3 which serves the same function as the inclined bottom oi the conduit 17 shown inV Fig. 2, namely, to turn outwardly rain and dust Which may nd entrance into the ventilator. ln other respects the ventilator is the same as that described in Figs. l to 5 inclusive.

rlhe separate construction of ventilator and conduit enables the applicationV of a standard form of ventilator to different forms of conduit, the conduit being made to contormto the particular car construction. ln Fig. 7 l have shown a construction by means or' Which it is possible to employ a pair ot oppositely disposed ventilators constructed in general like that shown in Fig G. 'lhe ventilators project from the' sides of an exhaust conduit le placed over the opening l5 in the top of the car. A baille plate t6 divides the interior of the exhaust conduit into tivo passages l? and i8 leading to the ventilators 49 and 50 respectively. The baille plate prevents the short circuiting oit the air current, from one ventilator through the other. ln ordinary operation it is seldom that` the suction through each of the ventilators [i9 and 50 Will bethe same, owing to the fact that the resultant air current is not always' dead ahead. The unbalancing et the suction 'of the tivo ventilators tends to dratv'through one and out the other instead oi through theopening` d5. The baille plate 4:6 prevents this by dividing the conduit into tivo passages 47 and e8 so that the air exhausted through the ventilators 49 and 50 Will be drawn from the interior 'of the car.

ln igs. 8 and l have illustrated the principles of my invention applied to a vertically arranged air duct. ln this type of ventilator' the airis drawn 'upwardly through the vertically arranged cylindrical conduit 5l. The air ramming` faces 52 and 53 are rranged so as to deflect the impinging` air past the sideseof and or the ventilator. 'lhese sides transverse plates 56 and 5'? as more clearly described in connection with 'Figs l to 5 end of the cylindrical conduit 5l is provided with openings 58 ich luce in a direction at an angle to the exhaust openings and 55'ot the ventilator. These openings 58 are provided with Voutwardly extending detlecting flanges 59 iormed preferably by bending` outwardly the metal of the conduit which prevent the entry .of side tending to pass through the central Winds openings GOinto theinterior of the conduit 5l The top Gl Yof the ventilator is ,imperf rate.

ln Fig. l0 l have illustrateda ventilator embodying` the principles of my invention and modified so as to adapt it to be used in conjunction With an exhaust fan or blower.

drawing from the car does not function automatically. l/Vhen the 'car starts the fan is stopped and the ventilator operates in the same manner as that 'illustrated in Figs. l to 5 inclusive.

The ventilator 62 is of the general box like construction secured to the clear story oli the car Vand communicating Ywith the interior thereorp through the opening 62. rlhe ventilator is provided with transverse vplates 63vand 64 and louvres 65 and 66 and deflecting iianges 67 and 68 as in the form ot construction illustrated in Figs. V1 to 5 inclusive. The opening 62 of the ventilator is connected to any suitable type or" exhausing fan or blower 69 by means'olf a conduit 70.

rlhe outer face 7l of the'ventilator opposite the cpening 62 is provided with a plurality of horizontal downwardly inclined louvies y72 secured within the rectangular opening formed by the outwardly extending flanges 73. v

lVhen the exhaust fan is ink operation the air isl exhausted directly through the space between the louvres 72 and is not required `to pass through the'exhaust passages in the upper and lower sides of the ventilator. rhis pi'events'the choking of the ventilator* when a large quantity of air is attempted to be passed through it. l

lNhen the car is in motion, the fan being at rest, the air is exhausted in the usual manner by drawing it from the interior through the blower and out of the upper and lower exhaust openings and also through the outer 'tace 71 by the suction created by the current of air deflected past the face 7l by the leading Aflange 73.

l claim: l y l. A ventilator for cars or the like consist-- ing of a hollow box-like structure comprising a base `having 'an opening therein adapted to communicate with the interiorolf the car, andan air ramming face disposed transversely to the direction of movement et the car, said box like structure havingexhaust passages adjacent said air ramming tace, detlectors in said exhaust passages disposed transversely to the current of air dctlected'by said air rammingd'ace', and means on said deflectors for preventing the entry of the air current into the ventilator:

2. A ventilator for cars or the like consisting of a hollow box-like structure and comp 1isiiig a base having an opening thereinA adapted to communicate with the interior olf the car, oppositely disposed air ramming faces, means providing exhaust passages between said faces in said box like structure and spaced deflecting plates in each of said passages disposed transversely to the air current deflected over said passages provided with means for preventing the entry ot air into said ventilator `between said Y plates.

3. A K sisting of a hollow box-like structure and comprising a base having an opening therein adaptedto communicate with the interior ot the car, oppositely disposed air ranriming faces, -means providing exhaust passages between said faces insaid box like structure and spaced oppositely. inclined plates in each ot' said passages disposed transversely to the air current deflected over said passages and having their outer edge portions arranged substantially in the planes passing through the opposite edges of the air-ramming faces 8 4. A ventilator for cars or the like, com prising a hollow structure formed with an opening communicating with the interior of the car, and provided with a smootlrconcave air-ramming Vtace disposed transversely with respect to the direction of movement or"v the car, and formed with a cylindrical curva ture about'a single axis, said structure being also provided with an exhaust passage communicating with said opening and terminating in exhaust openings at the curved edges of said air-ramming face, said exhaust openings being provided withplates disposed across the same and inclined outwardly and away froinisaid air-ramming face so as tol deflect outwardly the currents of air passing over such exhaust openings. n

5. A ventilator for cars or the like comprising a hollow structure formed VVwith an lopening communicating with the interior4 ot the car, and providedwith an inwardly curved air ramining Vface disposed transversely to the direction of movement of the car, and with an exhaust passage cornn municating with saidv opening and terminating in exhaust openings at opposite edges of said air Vramrning face, said exhaust openings having a plate disposed therein inclined outwardly and away from said air rainming tace and provided with a delecting liange on the outer edge thereofl parallel to said air ramming face. Y

6. A ventilator for carsI er the like. coniprising a hollow box-like structure adapted to communicate with the interior ol:u lthe car and provided with air iairiining faces dislposed transversely to the travel of the car and having'exhaust passages opening between opposite edges ot said air ran'iniing faces, a pair of spaced air detlecting plates disposed transverselyoteach oit said pas!" sages andinclined outwardly toward the middle thereof and louvres disposed longitudinally of said passages and intersecting said plates.

7. The combination of a railway car havventilator for cars or' the like con- .ing an opening in the roof thereof.l of a ventilator connected with said opening and comprising a box-lilre structure having an iinperforate plate opposite said opening, air ramming faces disposed transversely to the line of movement of the car and upper anc lower open sides between said faces consti tuting exhaust passages, spaced plates fin each of said passages and disposed transversely to the air currents across said passages`and inclined outwardly toward the middle, and upper and lower Vset-s of louvres in said passages', respectively, disposed transversely with respect to the opening Vinto the car, said lower set of louvres incliningl middle, and upper and lower sets of louvres in said passages, respectively, disposed transversely wit-h respect to the opening into the car.

9. rllhe combination of a railway car hav- .ingi an opening in the roof thereof, a Y

ventilator connected with said opening and comprising a box-like struct-ure having an imperforate plate opposite said opening, air ramming faces disposed transversely to the line of movement of the car and upper and lower open sides between said faces constituting exhaust passages, spaced plates in each o-fsaid passages and disposed transversely to the air currents across said passages and inc-lined. outwardly toward the V sages and inclined outwardly toward the middle, and upper and lower sets of louvres in said passages, respectively, disposed transversely with respect to the opening into the car, said lower set of louvres inclininc Vaway from'said opening, and .sai-d upperset of louvres being' substantially parallel to said opening.

l0. rlfhe combination of a. railway car having an opening inthe roof thereof, ofv a. ventilator connected. with said lopening and comprising a box-like structure having an imperforate plate opposite said opening, air ramming faces disposed transversely to the line of movement of the car and upper and lower open sides 1oetween said faces constituting exhaust passages, spaced plates ini each of said passages and,disposedtransversely to the air currents across said pasmiddle, and upper and lower sets of louvres in said passages, respectively, disposed transversely with respect to the Vopening into the car, and inclined deflecting plates around the edges of said openinfr.

11, The combination of a railway car having an opening in the roof thereof, of a ventilator connected with said opening and coinprising a box-like structure having an im perforate plate opposite said opening, air rainming faces disposed transversely to the line of movement of the'car and upper and 75 lower open sidesbetween said faces constituting exhaust passages, spaced plates inv each of said passages and disposed transversely to the air currents across said 'passages and inclined outwardly toward Athe middle, and upper and lower sets of louvres in said passages, respectively, disposed transversely with respect to the opening into the car, said opening having a downwardly inclined plate extending from the lower edge thereof.

l2. ln combination with a railway car, a ventilator secured to the exterior of the car so as to project therefrom and connected thereto by a laterally extending exhaust conduit, said ventilator comprising a hollow box-like structure provided with airframming faces disposed transversely to Vthe inovei'nent of the car and having exhaust openings in the upper and lower faces thereof' adjacent the edges of said air ramming faces, spaced plates across each of said openings and disposed transversely to the direction of movement of thecar and inclining outwardly toward the middle Vof said'openi100 ings, louvres in said openings extending Vhetween said air ramming faces, outwardly ex- Vtending'- deflectingrplates around the edges of the opening of said exhaust conduit into said ventilator, the bottoni. of said conduit ,105

being inclined downwardly and outwardly.

ln combination with a railway car, a ventilator secured to the exterior ofthe car so as to project therefrom and connected thereto hy a laterally extending exhausty conduit, Vsaid ventilator comprising a hollow box-like structure provided with air ramming faces disposed transversely to Ythe movement of the car rand having y exhaust openings in the upper and lower faces there-v of adjacent the edges of said air ramming faces, spaced plates across each of said openings and disposed transversely to the direction of movement of the car and inclined outwardly toward the middle of said ope 120 ings, louvres in said openings extending between said air ramming faces, outwardly extending deflecting plates around the edges of the opening of said exhaust conduit into said ventilator, and a downwardly and oiit-- wardly inclined plate in the lower edge of the opening of said ventilator into said conduit. Y

14. The combination in a railway car or the like having an opening in the wall sisting of a hollow box-like structure and comprising a hase having an opening therein adapted to communicate with the interior of the car, oppositely disposed air ramming faces, means providing exhaust passages between said faces in said box like structure and a pair'of spaced plates across each of said passages and inclining outwardly toward the center of said passages respectively and disposed transversely to the direction of movement of the car, said plates having deilecting flanges on their outer edges parallel to their ramrning `faces.

GEORGE W. BENDER. 

